Assistive technology research: prepare your session

Inadequate preparation for research sessions with assistive technology (AT) users can lead to inaccurate results and frustration. Assuming a participant's AT type or needs before the session compromises data validity. It is crucial to plan ahead to create an effective and respectful testing environment, ensuring a smooth and insightful research experience for everyone involved.

Understand individual needs

Never assume what assistive technologies a participant uses or what their needs are. Before the session, ask directly about their usual equipment (screen reader, adaptive keyboard, voice recognition software) and how they prefer to interact. This allows you to adapt the testing environment and materials, ensuring the participant feels comfortable and able to demonstrate their natural workflow. Prior communication is key for an inclusive experience.

Test material compatibility

Check whether the invitation, instructions, and research environment are accessible and compatible with the resources the participant describes. Distinguish a research-tool barrier from a product barrier you intend to observe. In a hypothetical example, a prototype made entirely of images may prevent you from studying screen-reader navigation. Record that limitation and choose material that fits the research question. Do not silently replace the person’s familiar equipment with a setup chosen for the team’s convenience.

Human research vs. technical audit

Research with assistive technology users complements, but does not replace, a technical accessibility audit. Research reveals the human experience and real challenges, while an audit identifies technical compliance failures. Both are essential. Do not use research to validate compliance with specific technical standards; use it to understand how real people interact with your product, uncovering nuances that automated tests or audits might miss.

Essential preparation

• Ask about participant's assistive technologies and interaction preferences.
• Test your materials and prototypes with expected ATs before the session.
• Remember that human research does not replace a technical accessibility audit.

After preparation, conduct the session focusing on active listening and observation. Document specific interactions and challenges observed. Use these insights to create a prioritized list of accessibility improvements for your product, detailing the observed issue, its impact, and a proposed design adjustment.